Mastering Linking Words and Phrases: A Key to Cohesive IELTS Graph Writing
Cohesion: Alternatives to "And Then"
Essential Linking Words for Process Charts & Graphs
To achieve a high Coherence & Cohesion score, you must avoid repeating "and then." Use these alternatives to show sequence and cause-and-effect.
Following this
Indicates the next event is a direct result of the previous one.
At this point
Marks a specific moment or turning point in the timeline.
Subsequently
Formal way to say "after that" (not necessarily a direct result).
Next / Then
Simple connectors for continuation.
These words drive the narrative forward.
Practice Exercise
Task: Read the paragraph below and identify the 5 linking phrases that mean "and then".
"The income of Lovely Loaves began at just over $80,000 in 2000, and after that, there was a slight rise to around $95,000 in 2001. Following this, the figure went down steadily to $80,000 in 2003. At this point, the number levelled off until 2005. Next, there was a slight dip in 2006, but it was followed by a sharp increase to $60,000 in 2008. Subsequently, income went up gradually in the last two years."
Check Your Answers
- and after that
- following this
- at this point
- next
- subsequently
Note: While this text describes a graph (income), these specific words are also essential for Process Charts (e.g., manufacturing steps).
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